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fanny914 - 2004-8-17 17:04:00

1. What’s the differences between restrained and restricted?

For example: Today’s youth are _____ by fewer prejudices than their parents . Which one should wo choose ? Why ?

2. What’s the differences among obtain, gain ,and derive ?

For example: A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods ____ largely from the advertisments we read .

Which one should we choose ? The answer said that “obtain” and “gain”can’t be used in passive voice , I can’t agree so.

3. What’s the differences between “there is a cost we have to pay” and “there is a price we have to pay” or only one of the two are right ?

4. A lot of money is going for computerized educational materials that can be taught equaly with pencil and paper.

A lot of money is going for computerized educational materials that can be taught just as well with pencil and paper.

Which sentence is better? What’s wrong with the first sentence if there is some?

limagee - 2004-8-18 10:03:00

I'd like to give MY understanding of the questions that you raised. I hope it can be a little help:)

For question 1, I think the answer is 'restrained'. We can look up the English definitions for the two words to trace the subtle difference between.

If you restrict someone, it may mean to prevent them from moving or acting freely, or that they can only do, have or deal with some particular thing.

If you restrain someone, you stop them from doing what they intended or wanted to do, usually by sing your physical strength.

Here I think 'restrained' is more proper.

For question 2, the answer is derived from is the most obvious one from the three choices. If you say that something is derived from something else, you mean that it comes from that thing. Here, the sentence simply expresses the meaning that the knowledge of household comes from advertisement. To gain or obtain something, sometimes there should be some efforts involved. As far as I understand, 'be derived from' is most appropriate here.

fanny914 - 2004-8-20 23:13:00

Thank you very much for your careful answering and good advices.

About the first question, the answer said “restricted”is right , and it didn’t give credit explanation, I consider that your meaning is “restricted” means “行动上的，强制性的限制”, “restrained”emphasizes“精神上的约束”, is it ?

elingual - 2004-8-18 10:15:00

"usually by using your physical strength"

limagee - 2004-8-18 10:42:00

For question 3:

If you pay for something that you do or have, you suffer as a result of it.

For example. It's a small price to pay for the pleasure of living in this delightful house. And 'pay for' is usually used together with 'price'. As a result, 'there is a price we have to pay' is more often used. There are also usage of 'a cost we have to pay' but less usual.

For question 4:

I think the second sentence is better. Grammatically both of them are right, but 'equally' and 'as well' express different meaning. The first sentence implies that what can be accomplished using computerized educational material can be accomplished by pencil and paper, achieving same effect. I don't think it is possible. Computerized educational material can surely be more vivid and powerful than what is displayed using pencil and paper. However, the second sentence implies that pencil and paper can do as well but may not achieve the same effect.

Another general piece of advice for you in your learning English is that something that grammatically correct may not be the idiomatic expression. Learning language is not the same as studying Maths problems. Language is sometimes a kind of habit. 'Absolutely right' or 'absolutely wrong' often does not apply.

Good luck!

limagee - 2004-8-18 10:43:00

Vow, a typing mistake. Thanks!

limagee - 2004-8-23 8:49:00

我没有参考中文释义而是参考英文释义，就是不想用中文上的差别来区别两个词，因为中文上可能是几乎一样的，我也不能说restrict就是身体上的限制，而restrain就是精神上的限制，这似乎不是英文解释上的细微差别。还是对照英文解释去理解吧。

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